Cold war
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discussion
Describe U.S. response to the invasion of South Korea by North Korean and subsequently Chinese troops.
write a min 100 word paragraph answer. present your thoughts in three complete paragraphs.
Learning Unit 15.2
Korea, a former Japanese possession, had been divided into zones of occupation following World War II. U.S. forces accepted the surrender of Japanese forces in southern Korea, while Soviet forces did the same in northern Korea. Like in Germany, however, the “temporary” division soon became permanent. The Soviets assisted in the establishment of a communist regime in North Korea, while the United States became the main source of financial and military support for South Korea.
For more on Korea, please visit these sites:
·
President Truman Orders U.S. Forces to Korea [link]
Learning Unit 15.3
“Atoms for Peace” was the title of a speech delivered by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the UN General Assembly in New York City on December 8, 1953.
The speech was part of a carefully orchestrated media campaign, called “Operation Candor”, to enlighten the American public on the risks and hopes of a nuclear future. It was a component of the Cold War strategy of containment. Eisenhower’s speech opened a media campaign that would last for years and that aimed at “emotion management”, balancing fears of continuing nuclear armament with promises of peaceful use of uranium in future nuclear reactors.
For more on the Atoms for Peace, please visit this site:
Eisenhower adopted a get-tough policy toward the communists in Korea. He suggested that he would “unleash” the Nationalist Chinese forces on Taiwan against communist China, and he sent only slightly veiled messages that he would use any force necessary (including the use of nuclear weapons) to bring the war to an end unless peace negotiations began to move forward. The Chinese, exhausted by more than two years of war, finally agreed to terms and an armistice was signed on July 27, 1953. The United States suffered over 50,000 casualties in this “forgotten war,” and spent nearly $70 billion. The most frustrating war in U.S. history had come to an end.
For more on Einsenhower’s visit to Korea, please visit these sites:
·
Eisenhower goes to Korea [link]
Please watch these videos on the Armistice Agreement.
Korean War Armistice Signed – 1953 | Today In History | 27 July 17 (Duration 1:23)
Learning Unit 15.4
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Designed with straight wings, the type saw extensive combat in Korea with the United States Air Force (USAF) as the F-80.
The Shooting Star was the first U.S. Air Force aircraft to exceed 500 mph in level flight, the first American jet airplane to be manufactured in large quantities, and the first USAF jet to be used in combat.
For more on the P-80, please visit these sites:
·
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star [link]
Republic F-84 Thunderjet
The Republic F-84 Thunderjet was an American turbojet fighter-bomber aircraft. Originating as a 1944 United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) proposal for a “day fighter”, the F-84 first flew in 1946.
The Thunderjet became the USAF’s primary strike aircraft during the Korean War, flying 86,408 sorties and destroying 60% of all ground targets in the war as well as eight Soviet-built MiG fighters. Over half of the 7,524 F-84s produced served with NATO nations, and it was the first aircraft to fly with the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds demonstration team.
The F-84 was the first production fighter aircraft to utilize in-flight refueling and the first fighter capable of carrying a nuclear weapon, the Mark 7 nuclear bomb.
Please watch this video on the F-84 Thunderjet.
Learning Unit 15.4
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star
The Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star was the first jet fighter used operationally by the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF). Designed with straight wings, the type saw extensive combat in Korea with the United States Air Force (USAF) as the F-80.
The Shooting Star was the first U.S. Air Force aircraft to exceed 500 mph in level flight, the first American jet airplane to be manufactured in large quantities, and the first USAF jet to be used in combat.
For more on the P-80, please visit these sites:
·
Lockheed P-80 Shooting Star [link]
Republic F-84 Thunderjet
The Republic F-84 Thunderjet was an American turbojet fighter-bomber aircraft. Originating as a 1944 United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) proposal for a “day fighter”, the F-84 first flew in 1946.
The Thunderjet became the USAF’s primary strike aircraft during the Korean War, flying 86,408 sorties and destroying 60% of all ground targets in the war as well as eight Soviet-built MiG fighters. Over half of the 7,524 F-84s produced served with NATO nations, and it was the first aircraft to fly with the U.S. Air Force Thunderbirds demonstration team.
The F-84 was the first production fighter aircraft to utilize in-flight refueling and the first fighter capable of carrying a nuclear weapon, the Mark 7 nuclear bomb.
Please watch this video on the F-84 Thunderjet.
North American F-86 Sabre
The North American F-86 Sabre, sometimes called the Sabre jet, is a transonic jet fighter aircraft. Produced by North American Aviation, the Sabre is best known as the United States’ first swept wing fighter that could counter the similarly-winged Soviet MiG-15 in high-speed dogfights over the skies of the Korean War (1950–1953). Considered one of the best and most important fighter aircraft in that war, the F-86 is also rated highly in comparison with fighters of other eras.
B29 Superfortress
The Boeing B29 Superfortress was the largest bomber to enter service in World War Two. B29’s played a major part in the overall bombing campaign in the Far East and two B29 Superfortress bombers (‘Enola Gay’ and ‘Bockscar’) took part in the atomic bomb raids on Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August 1945.
For more on the B29, please visit these sites:
·
B-29 Superfortress, Boeing [link]
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Boeing B-29 Superfortress [link]
·
“Enola Gay”, “Bockscar” & “Fifi” – Famous B-29’s [link]
With the outbreak of the Korean War in 1950, a strengthened Department of Labor played a vital role in mobilizing manpower for defense production. Acting under President Harry S. Truman orders making the Secretary of Labor responsible for the wartime labor supply, Maurice J. Tobin created a Defense Manpower Administration to supervise and coordinate manpower activities of the Department. The Department’s responsibilities ran the gamut of labor problems, from assuring an adequate supply of workers and seeing that skill levels were adequate, to promoting safety and health standards and minimizing losses due to work stoppages. The defense manpower problem faded away when hostilities in Korea ceased, but by the end of the Truman Administration in 1953 the program had dealt with important concerns such as the need for greater educational and skill levels, and the need for better use of the capacities of women, older workers and minorities. These concerns endured and grew and eventually demanded answers from the Federal government.
For more on the Korean War, please visit this site:
·
Chapter 4: Post-war Era and Korean War Mobilization 1945-1953 [link]
References
History.com. ( 2009, November 24). President Truman orders U.S. forces to Korea. Retrieved from
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/truman-orders-u-s-forces-to-korea-2
History.com. ( 2009, November 13). Korean War begins. Retrieved from
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/korean-war-begins
History.com (2009, November 13). Eisenhower goes to Korea. Retrieved from
https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/eisenhower-goes-to-korea
Educational Video Group. (2009, October 15). President Dwight D. Eisenhower “Atoms for Peace” . Retrieved from
YouTube
.
Movietone, B. (2017, July 26). Korean War Armistice Signed – 1953 | Today In History | 27 July 17. Retrieved from
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HuSyYJsJZD8
Airplanes of the Past.com (2019). F-80 Shooting Star. Retrieved from
https://www.airplanesofthepast.com/f80-shooting-star.htm
Airboyd. (2010, August 3).
Republic F-84 Thunderjet
. Retrieved from
YouTube
.
AcesFlyHigh (2019). “Enola Gay”, “Bockscar” & “Fifi” – Famous B-29’s. Retrieved from
https://acesflyinghigh.wordpress.com/2013/06/09/enola-gay-bockscar-fifi/
BongHitBrian (2013, August 28).
F-86 Sabre VS MiG-15 Dogfight Korean War Multiple Kills
. Retrieved from
YouTube
.
U.S. Department of Labor. (2019). Chapter 4: Post-war Era and Korean War Mobilization 1945-1953. Retrieved from
https://www.dol.gov/general/aboutdol/history/dolchp04
US Military News. (2017, October 2).
Why N. Korea, Russia and China All Fear America’s B-52 Bombers
. Retrieved from
YouTube
.
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